Diversity of Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Th eir Larval Habitats in Tizi-Ouzou area, Algeria
Mosquitoes diversity and physico-chemical characterization of their larvae habitats
Abstract
Many mosquito species are considered as vectors of several pathogens responsible of serious infectious diseases including Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunia and Rift Valley Fever. The characterization of the larval habitat of these arthropods is an important step for a nuisance/vector control program. In this study we aimed to identify mosquito larvae species in the Tizi-Ouzou area (north-central of Algeria) and to examine the physico-chemical parameters of their permanent breeding sites. Surveys are carried out during the dry and rainy seasons (2018/2019), the larval stages of the mosquitoes were sampled using the dipping technique and the physico-chemical parameters of the breeding sites were measured.The morpho-taxonomic examination of the Culicidae samples allowed the identification of 14 species belonging to five genera and two subfamilies. Interestingly, Culex pipiens was the most abundant species found in all entomological surveys. Moreover, Culex pipiens and Culiseta longiareolata species showed a high ecological plasticity and were the best correlated species to the studied physico-chemical parameters. Temperature was positively correlated with the density of most inventoried species. Our data would be of great interest in the context of developing a nuisance control program and the prevention of vector-borne diseases.
References
Ahmed, A. M. A., Kuriji, M. A. A., Kheir, S. M. 2010. Distribution and seasonal abundance of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Najran Region, Saudi Arabia, 2.
Amara Korba, R., Alayat, M. S., Bouiba, L., Boudrissa, A., Bouslama, Z., Boukraa, S., Francis, F., Failloux, A.-B., Boubidi, S. C. 2016. Ecological differentiation of members of the Culex pipiens complex, potential vectors of West Nile virus and Rift Valley fever virus in Algeria. Parasites & Vectors, [online] 9 (1), 455.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1725-9
Amraoui, F., Krida, G., Bouattour, A., Rhim, A., Daaboub, J., Harrat, Z., Boubidi, S.-C., Tijane, M., Sarih, M., Failloux, A.-B. 2012. Culex pipiens, an Experimental Efficient Vector of West Nile and Rift Valley Fever Viruses in the Maghreb Region. PLOS ONE, [online] 7 (5), p.e36757.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036757
Bauer, N., Kenyeres, Z., Tóth, S., Sáringer-Kenyeres, T., Sáringer, G., 2011. Connections between the habitat pattern and the pattern of the mosquito larval assemblages. Biologia, [online] 66 (5), 877.
https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-011-0091-5
Becker, N., Petric, D., Zgomba, M., Boase, C., Madon, M., Dahl, C., Kaiser, A. 2010. Mosquitoes and Their Control. Springer Science & Business Media.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92874-4
Benbetka, S., Hachid, A., Benallal, K. E., Benbetka, C., Khaldi, A., Bitam, I., Harrat, Z. 2018. First field evidence infection of Culex perexiguus by West Nile virus in Sahara Oasis of Algeria. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases, [online] 55 (4), 305.
https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.256566
Benhissen, S., Habbachi, W., Rebbas, K., Masna, F. 2018. Études entomologique et typologique des gîtes larvaires des moustiques (Diptera : Culicidae) dans la région de Bousaâda (Algérie) Entomological and typological studies of larval breeding sites of mosquitoes(Diptera: Culicidae) in Bousaâda area (Algeria). Bulletin de la Société Royale des Sciences de Liège. [online]
Berchi, S. 2000. Bioécologie de Culex pipiens L. (Diptera : Culicidae) dans la région de Constantine etperspectives de lutte. [online] Fréres Mentouri. Available at: https://ensbiotech.edu.dz/images/thesesmemoires/theseDoctoratSelimaBerchi.pdf.
Berchi, S., Aouati, A., Louadi, K. 2012. Typologie des gîtes propices au développement larvaire de Culex pipiens L. 1758 (Diptera-Culicidae), source de nuisance à Constantine (Algérie). Ecologia Mediterranea, [online] 38 (2), 5-16.
https://doi.org/10.3406/ecmed.2012.1311
Bouabida, H., Djebbar, F., Soltani, N. 2012. Etude systématique et écologique des Moustiques (Diptera: Culicidae) dans la région de Tébessa (Algérie), 5.
Brunhes, J., Hassaïne, K., Rhaim, A., Hervy, J. P. 2000. Culicidae of Mediterranean Africa: list and species distribution (Diptera). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, [online] 105 (2), 195-204. Available at: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20003012847
Carnevale, P., Robert, V. 2009. 3. Bio-écologie. [online] IRD Éditions.
El-Naggar, A. N., Elbanna, S. S. M., Kaiser, M. F., Gabre, R. M. 2018. Effect of Certain Physico-Chemical Parameters on the Population Dynamics of Mosquito Larvae and their Correlation with Infected Regions of Filariasis in Alkorin Village, Sharkia Governorate (Egypt). Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology, [online] 11 (2), 55-62.
https://doi.org/10.21608/eajb.2018.11804
Gillespie, S. H., Smith, G. L., Osbourn, A. E. 2004. Microbe-vector interactions in vector-borne diseases: Sixty-third Symposium of the Society for General Microbiology. [online] Cambridge [England]; New York: Cambridge University Press. Available at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=149378 [Accessed 17 Mar. 2021].
Gopalakrishnan, R., Das, M., Baruah, I., Veer, V., Dutta, P. 2013. Physicochemical characteristics of habitats in relation to the density of container-breeding mosquitoes in Asom, India. J Vector Borne Dis, p.5.
Hadji, M., Belghyti, D., Elomari, F., Assal, M. E., Marsini, M. E. 2013. Étude de la dynamique stationnelle des populations des culicidés dans la province de Sidi Slimane (Maroc), 12.
Hanafi-bojd, A., Vatandoost, H., Oshaghi, M., Charrahy, Z., Haghdoost, A., Sedaghat, M. M., Abedi, F., Soltani, M., Raeisi, A., 2012. Larval habitats and biodiversity of anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in a malarious area of southern Iran. Journal of vector borne diseases, 49, 91-100.
Himmi, O., 2017. Les Culicidae du Maroc : Clé d'identification, avec données biologiques et écologiques. Doctorat. Mohammed V agdal.
Himmi, O., Dakki, M., Trari, B., EL Agbani, M. A. 1995. Les Culicidae du Maroc : Clé d'identification, avec données biologiques et écologiques. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique, Série Zoologie, [online] 44, p.49. Available at: http://www.israbat.ac.ma/?page_id=272 [Accessed 12 Dec. 2020].
Ibrahim, A. E. A., El-Monairy, O. M., El-Sayed, Y. A., Baz, M. M. 2011. Mosquito breeding sources in Qalyubiya Governorate, Egypt. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology, [online] 3 (1), 25-39.
https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbse.2011.16454
Jackman, J.A., Olson, J. K. 2002. Mosquitoes and the Diseases they Transmit. Texas Cooperative Extension, 8.
Lafri, I., Bitam, I., Beneldjouzi, A., Mahdi, M.H.B. 2014. An Inventory of mosauitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Algeria. Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France, [online] p.7. Available at: https://societe-zoologique.fr/sites/default/files/revue/2018-01/Z139Lafri.pdf
Lalami, A. E. O., Hilali, O. E., Benlamlih, M., Merzouki, M., Raiss, N., Koraichi, S. I., Himmi, O. 2010. Etude entomologique, physicochimique et bactériologique des gîtes larvaires de localités à risque potentiel pour le paludisme dans la ville de Fès. Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique, Rabat, section Sciences de la Vi, 2 (32), 119-127.
Liu, X., Baimaciwang, Yue, Y., Wu, H., Pengcuociren, Guo, Y., Cirenwangla, Ren, D., Danzenggongga, Dazhen, Yang, J., Zhaxisangmu, Li, J., Cirendeji, Zhao, N., Sun, J., Li, J., Wang, J., Cirendunzhu, Liu, Q. 2019. Breeding Site Characteristics and Associated Factors of Culex pipiens Complex in Lhasa, Tibet, P. R. China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, [online] 16 (8), 1407.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081407
Lounaci, Z. 2003. Biosystématique et bioécologie des Culicidae (Diptera ; Nematocera) dans la région de l'Algérois, le marais de Réghaia et Oued Sebaou de Tizi Ouzou. Ecole nationale superieure agronomique.
Ludwig, A., Zheng, H., Vrbova, L., Drebot, M., Iranpour, M., Lindsay, L. 2019. Augmentation du risque de maladies endémiques au Canada transmises par des moustiques en raison du changement climatique. Relevé des maladies transmissibles au Canada, [online] 45 (4), 99-107.
https://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v45i04a03f
Marc, I., Chibani, A., Alemad, A., Alkhali, A., Belala, A., Hadji, M., Belghyti, D., El kharrim, K. 2016. Etude Ecologique Et Entomologique Des Culicides Larvaires Des Gites De La Province De Kenitra (Maroc). European Scientific Journal, ESJ, [online] 12 (32), 398.
https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n32p398
Matile, L. 1993. Les Diptères d'Europe occidentale. Introduction, techniques et morphologie. Nématocères, Brachycères, orthoraphes et Ashizes. Paris: Editions Boubée.
Medour, R. 2010. Bioclimatologie phytogéographie et phytosociologie en Algérie, exemples des groupements forestiers et preforestiers de la Kabylie Djurdjureene. Mouloud MAMMERI.
https://doi.org/10.4267/2042/38944
Meegan, J. M., Khalil, G. M., Hoogstraal, H., Adham, F. K. 1980. Experimental Transmission and Field Isolation Studies Implicating Culex Pipiens as a Vector of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Egypt. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, [online] 29 (6), 1405-1410.
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1980.29.1405
Muirhead-thomson, R. C. 1951. Mosquito Behaviour in relation to Malaria Transmission and Control in the Tropics. Mosquito Behaviour in relation to Malaria Transmission and Control in the Tropics. [online] Available at: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19522900611 [Accessed 10 Dec. 2020].
NMO. 2019. Weather forecast bulletin. Tizi-ouzou, Algeria: National Meteorological Office, 8.
Papierok, B., Croset, H., Rioux, J. A. 1973. Estimation de l'effectif des populations larvaires d'Aedes (O.) cataphylla Dyar, 1916 (Diptera - Culicidae) : 1. Méthode de 'capture-marquage-recapture'. Cahiers ORSTOM.Série Entomologie Médicale et Parasitologie, [online] 11 (4), 243-249. Available at: http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:19002 [Accessed 10 Dec. 2020].
Rageau, J., Adam, J. P. 1952. Culicinæ du cameroun, Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comparée, 27, 610-635
https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1952276610
Robert, V., Günay, F., Goff, G. L., Boussès, P., Sulesco, T., Khalin, A., Medlock, J. M., Kampen, H., Petri, D. 2019. Distribution chart for Euro-Mediterranean mosquitoes (western Palaearctic region), Journal of the European Mosquito Control Association, 37, 28.
Rodhain, F., Perez, C. 1985. Précis d'entomologie médicale et vétérinaire. Maloine ed. Paris.
Scherrer, B. 1984. Biostatistique (GAËTAN MORIN). [online] Québec. Available at: https://www.bookfinder.com/book/Biostatistique_GAETAN_MORIN_EDITEUR_QUEBEC_French_Edition_/2891050932/ [Accessed 10 Dec. 2020].
Silver, J. B. 2008. Mosquito ecology: field sampling methods. 3. ed ed. Dordrecht: Springer.
Trari, B., Dakki, M. 2017. Les moustiques (Insectes, Diptères ) du Maroc : atlas de répartition et études épidémiologiques. Mohammed V.
Waewwab, P., Sungvornyothin, S., Okanurak, K., Soonthornworasiri, N., Potiwat, R., Raksakoon, C. 2019. Characteristics of water containers influencing the presence of Aedes immatures in an ecotourism area of Bang Kachao Riverbend, Thailand. Journal of Health Research, [online] 33 (5), 398-407.
https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-09-2018-0096
WHO. 2014 a. A global brief on vector-borne diseases. [online] World Health Organization, 54. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/111008
WHO. 2014 b. Yellow fever: rapid field entomological assessment during yellow fever outbreaks in Africa: handbook: methodological field approaches for scientists with a basic background in entomology. [online] World Health Organization.p.48. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/112785 [Accessed 10 Dec. 2020].
WHO. 2020. Maladies à transmission vectorielle. [online] Available at: https://www.who.int/fr/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/vector-borne-diseases [Accessed 6 Dec. 2020].
