Garden Centres and the Alien Land Mollusk Spread in the Lviv Region, Ukraine
Abstract
A total of 20 species of land mollusks were recorded near the 12 garden centres surveyed, more than half of which were introduced to Western Ukraine. Of the alien species, Arion vulgaris, Deroceras caucasicum, Krynickillus melanocephalus, Cepaea hortensis, C. nemoralis, and Monacha cartusiana were present at all or most sites. However, the dispersal of M. cartusiana may be associated with motor transport rather than garden centres. Garden centres also contribute to increasing the phenotypic diversity of both introduced Cepaea species in the Lviv Region. In the case of C. hortensis, this includes the recent appearance of several heritable colouration traits, locally occurring even in natural populations of the species. Of greatest economic importance is the invasion of garden centres by two dangerous pests, Arion vulgaris and Deroceras caucasicum.
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