Type series of proetid trilobite species (Trilobita, Proetida) from the Silurian of Ukraine described by Leonid Konstantynenko
Abstract
The holotypes of the Late Silurian trilobite species Proetus (Lacunoporaspis) mukshaensis Konstantynenko, 2008, P. (P.) rashkoviensis Konstantynenko, 2008, P. (P.) bragensis Konstantynenko, 2008, and the subspecies P. (P.) conspersus elongata Konstantynenko, 2008 from Podillia (western Ukraine) are recognised and figured herein. Although these names are already available and valid, their original descriptions lacked explicit labelling of the holotypes on the illustrations, which necessitated their formal recognition in the present work. Additionally, Wenlowiproetus konstantynenkoi nom. nov. is hereby established as a replacement name for the available but invalid name Proetus conspersus elongata Konstantynenko, 2008 (non Proetus conspersus elongatus Lindstrom, 1885).
References
Angelin, N. P. 1854. Palaeontologia Scandinavica. Pars I. Crustacea Formationis Transitionis. T.G. Weigel, Leipzig, 1-226.
Balashova, Ye. A. 1968. Trilobites of the Skala and Borshiv horizons of Podillia. Voprosy paleontologii, 5, 95-112 [In Russian].
Balashova, Ye. A. 1975. Trilobites of the Kytayhorod Horizon of Podillia. In: Balashov, Z. G., ed., The fauna of the Ordovician-Silurian boundary interval of Podillia. Voprosy paleontologii, 7, 102-123 [In Russian].
Barrande, J. 1846. Notice préliminaire sur le Système Silurien et les trilobites de Bohême. C. L. Hirschfeld, Leipsic, 1-96.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9142
Basse, M. & Schöning, H. 2023. The Proetinae (Trilobita) of the German Silurian. 1. Plesiowensus, Signatoproetus n. g., and Pulcherproetus. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 309 (3), 209-254.
https://doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/2023/1160
Basse, M. & Schöning, H. 2026. The Silurian proetines and crassiproetines (Trilobita) of the German Pleistocene glacial erratic boulders, with notes on related taxa from other northern European sites. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 317 (2), 155-223.
https://doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/1311
Bogoyavlenskaya, O. V. 1982. Ecological types of stromatoporoids of the Silurian basin of Podolia. In: Betekhtina, O. A. & Zhuravleva, I. T., eds. Environments and life in geological past (facies and organisms). Trudy Instituta geologii i geofiziki, 510, 115-126 [In Russian].
Calner, M. 2005. Silurian carbonate platforms and extinction events - ecosystem changes exemplified from Gotland, Sweden. Facies, 51, 584-591.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-005-0050-0
Dalman, J. W. 1827. Om palaeaderna eller sa kallade Trilobiterna. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, (1826), 113-152.
Dernov, V. S. 2025. Type specimens of the new species of the genus Papillicalymene Shirley, 1936 (Arthropoda: Trilobita) from Ukraine described by Konstantynenko (2006). Zoodiversity, 59, 253-268.
https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2025.03.253
Fortey, R. A. & Owens, R. M. 1975. Proetida - a new order of trilobites. Fossils and Strata, 4, 227-239.
https://doi.org/10.18261/8200049639-1975-14
Gritsenko, V. P. 1987 a. Shallow-water facies and Silurian corals of Volyn-Podillia. Institute of Geological Sciences, Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Kyiv, 1-32 [In Russian].
Gritsenko, V. P. 1987 b. On the palaeoecology of Silurian corals of Volyn-Podillia. In: Vyalov, O. S., ed. Biostratigraphy, palaeontology of the sedimentary cover of Ukraine. Naukova Dumka, Kyiv, 23-26 [In Russian].
Gritsenko, V. P., Ishchenko, A. A. & Konstantinenko, L. I. 1986. Experience in the reconstruction of the Yaruga and Malinovtsi benthic communities (Silurian of Podolia). In: Kaljo, D. L., Klaamann, E. R., eds. Theory and experience of ecostratigraphy. Valgus, Tallinn, 73-80 [In Russian].
Gritsenko, V. P., Ishchenko, A. A., Konstantinenko, L. I. & Tsegelnyuk, P. D. 1990. Palaeoecological analysis of Silurian and Early Devonian benthic communities of Podolia. In: Vyalov, O. S., ed., Palaeontological and biostratigraphic studies during geological mapping in Ukraine. Naukova Dumka, Kyiv, 40-46 [In Russian].
Gritsenko, V. P., Ishchenko, A. A., Konstantinenko, L. I., Korenchuk, L. V. & Tsegelnyuk, P. D. 1995. Palaeoecological studies and facies analysis of the Wenlock-Ludlow boundary deposits of Podolia (studies under Project No. 216 IGCP). In: Teslenko, Yu. V., ed. Fossil organisms of the Phanerozoic of Ukraine. Manuskript, Kyiv, 21-26 [In Russian].
Hupé, P. 1953. Trilobites. In: Piveteau, J., ed. Traité de Paléontologie. Vol. 3. Massson et Cie, Paris, 44-246.
ICZN, 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 1-306. Available from: http://www.iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp [accessed 28.05.2026].
Konstantinenko, L. I. 1987. Trilobite assemblages of the Podillia. In: Vyalov, O. S., ed., Biostratigraphy, palaeontology of the sedimentary cover of Ukraine. Naukova Dumka, Kyiv, 27-30 [In Russian].
Konstantynenko, L. 2005. New species of the genus Warburgella from the Silurian of Podillia. Paleontologichnyi Zbirnyk, 37, 27-29 [In Ukrainian].
Konstantynenko, L. 2006. Trilobites of the genus Papillicalymene Schirley. 1936 from the Silurian of Podillia. Paleontologichnyi Zbirnyk, 38, 18-25 [In Ukrainian].
Konstantynenko, L. 2007. Silurian calymenids (Trilobita) of Podillia. Paleontologichnyi Zbirnyk, 39, 10-19 [In Ukrainian].
Konstantynenko, L. 2008. New species of proetids from the Silurian of Podillia. Paleontologichnyi Zbirnyk, 40, 91-96 [In Ukrainian].
Konstantynenko, L. 2009. Proetids from the Silurian of Podillia. Paleontologichnyi Zbirnyk, 41, 43-57 [In Ukrainian].
Konstantynenko, L. I. & Tsegelnyuk, P. D. 2013. The Silurian System. In: Gozhyk, P. F., ed. Stratigraphy of the Upper Proterozoic and Phanerozoic of Ukraine. Vol. 1. Stratigraphy of the Upper Proterozoic, Palaeozoic, and Mesozoic. LAT&K, Kyiv, 176-195 [In Ukrainian].
Lindström, O. 1885. Bidrag till kännedomen om Skånes trilobiter. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 42, 249-258.
Łuczyński, P., Skompski, S. & Kozłowski, W. 2016. Recent studies on the Silurian of the western part of Ukraine. Acta Geologica Polonica, 66 (3), 281-297.
https://doi.org/10.1515/agp-2016-0014
Männil, R. 1981. Late Silurian proetidae (Trilobita) of Estonia. Vesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia, 30 (3), 98-105 [In Russian].
Modzalevskaya, T. L. & Nikiforova, O. I. 1980. Ecological and taphonomic analysis of Wenlock brachiopods of Podolia. Yezhegodnik Vsesoyuznogo paleontologicheskogo obshestva, 23, 159-169 [In Russian].
Murchison, R. I. 1839. The Silurian System, founded on geological researches in the counties of Salop, Hereford, Radnor, Montgomery, Caermarthen, Brecon, Pembroke, Monmouth, Gloucester, Worcester and Stafford; with descriptions of the coal-fields and overlying formations. John Murray, London, 1-768.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.88029
Nikiforova, O. I., Predtechenckiy, N. N., Abushik, A. F., Ignatovich, M. M., Modzalevskaya, T. L., Berger, A. Ya., Novoselova, L. S. & Burkov, Yu. K. 1972. Reference section of the Silurian and Lower Devonian of Podillia. Nauka, Leningrad, 1-262 [In Russian].
Owens, R. M. 1973. British Ordovician and Silurian Proetidae (Trilobita). Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, 127, 1-98.
https://doi.org/10.1080/25761900.2022.12131721
Predtechensky, N. N., Koren, T. N., Modzalevskaya, T. L., Nikiforova, O. I., Berger, A. Ya. & Abushik, A. F. 1983. Cyclicity of deposition and changes of ecological assemblages of fauna in the Silurian of Podolia. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, 194, 61-74 [In Russian].
Přibyl, A. 1940. Die Graptolithenfauna des mittleren Ludlows von Böhmen (oberes e β). Věstník Ústěedního Ústavu Geologického, 16, 63-73.
Přibyl, A. & Vaněk, J. 1968. Einige Trilobiten aus dem böhmischen Ordovizium. Věstník Ústěedního Ústavu Geologického, 43, 191-197.
Reed, H. 1931. The genus Warburgella, a new genus of Silurian trilobites. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London, 87, 1-2.
Sinitsyna, I. N. & Isakar, M. A. 1987. Facies dependence and developmental features of bivalve communities in the Silurian basins of Podolia and the Baltic region. Vestnik of Leningrad State University. Geology. Geography, 3, 3-8 [In Russian].
Steininger, J. 1831. Bemerkungen über die Versteinerungen, welche in dem Uebergangs Kalkgebirge der Eifel gefunden werden. Beilage zum Programm des Gymnasiums Trier. 1-44.
Sytova, V. A., Yeltysheva, R. S., Sinitsyna, I. N. & Mironova, M. G. 1977. Stages of development of benthic organisms of the Silurian basin of Podillia. Vestnik of Leningrad State University. Geology. Geography, 6, 70-76 [In Russian].
Tsegelnyuk, P. D. 1974. Dniester references section of the Silurian deposits. In: Bondarchuk, V. G., ed., Stratigraphy of the Ukrainian SSR. Vol. 4. The Silurian System. Naukova Dumka, Kyiv, 63-110 [In Ukrainian].
Tsegelnyuk, P. D. 1980. The Yaruga and Malynivtsi groups (Lower-Upper Silurian) of Podillia and Volyn. Institute of Geological Sciences, Kyiv, 1-52 [In Russian].
Tsegelnyuk, P. D., Gritsenko, V. P., Konstantinenko, L. I., Ischenko, A. A., Abushik, A. F., Bogoyavlenskaya, O. V., Drygant, D. M., Zaika-Novatsky, V. S., Kadlets, N. M., Kiselev, G. N. & Sytova, B. A. 1983. The Silurian of Podolia. The guide of excursion. Naukova Dumka, Kyiv, 1-224 [In Russian].
Walch, J. E. I. 1771. Die Naturgeschichte der Versteinerungen zur Erläuterung der Knorrischen Sammlung von Merkwürdigkeiten der Natur. P. J. Felstecker, Nürnberg, 1-235.
Yolkin, E. A. 1966. A new genus and new species of Lower Devonian and Eifelian Dechenellidae (Trilobites). Geologiya i Geofizika, 2, 25-30 [In Russian].



